การสำรวจและพัฒนาแหล่งดินเพื่อใช้ผลิตเซรามิกในชุมชนอินทขิล อำเภอแม่แตง จังหวัดเชียงใหม่

Abstract

The research aim is to study on surveying and development of clays source for ceramic manufacturing in Intakhil community, district of Maetaeng, Chiang Mai province. The surveying of clay samples was 45 points to study on characteristics and properties. The sieve residue of 100 mesh was highest with a lot of coarse particles at higher than 150 m. The average water content, shrinkage, and green strength of clay samples were 29.48%, 7.05% and 6.13 Kg/cm2, respectively. The 9 zones of clay samples were divided to characterize and developing to be ceramic bodies. The ceramic body formulations were Intakhil 1-9. The major chemical compositions of ceramic bodies were similar in SiO2 and Al¬2O3. Fe2O3 was found with high content, shown as a fluxing agent. The major mineralogical composition was quartz in form of sand particles. Magnetite and Kaolinite were found as the minor phase. The low plastic index of bodies was obtained which showed that low plasticity. However, they could be formed to shaping with low shrinkage and low green strength. The bodies were fired at 800-1250oC in an oxidizing atmosphere. At high temperatures, the fried strength and density of bodies increased with low water absorption. The orange brick color was found at 800oC and 1000oC. At 1250oC, the color appeared as deep brown (Intakhil 2, 5 and 6), grayish yellow (Intakhil 1, 3, 4, 7 and 8) and light yellow (Intakhil 9). The different colors were the results of the oxide content of and Fe2O3 (brown), TiO2 (yellow) and MnO (gray and black). The added ball clay of 10-30wt% of raw material compositions (Intakhil and ball clay) was used for treating the characteristics and properties of bodies viz. plasticity, strength, water absorption and color. It was found that high plasticity and strength were obtained with low water absorption. The color was in a light tone. The ceramic bodies could be formed by free hand, throwing and press mold with plastic properties.