การลดฝุ่นผงในเส้นด้ายย้อมสีมะเกลือด้วยการอบไอน้า

Abstract

The dark brown cotton fabric made from yarn which was dyed with natural colorant of Ebony is widely appreciated in the foreign consumer ; but it is not enough manufactured due to the problem of dust emitted in the processes. It is evidenced that workers involved in the processes are at risk with allergy or respiratory illnesses. This study attempts to experiment the water steaming as a process of reducing the dust caused by the ebony dye. A large steaming pot was made such that it could accommodate a large amount of yarn. The experiment took place at the village Baan Chang Kerng, Chiang Mai and the subjects were the members of the weaving group of the village. Three treatments of water steaming were given : 20, 30 and 40 minutes. Observation and interview with the subjects were conducted and the data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The percentage and arithmetic mean statistics were employed.

The steamer constructed is cylindrical in shape with the base of 75 cm. and the height of 75 cm. placed on the top of the pan of 93 cm. in diameter with a piece of cotton pressed between the joint to keep the steam. In each steaming , 60 skeins were used with water 45 liters and at 90 celcius. It is found that the water steaming makes the yarn softer, lighter. When washing, the water –steamed yarn gives less dust than does un-steamed yarn by 81.80 % with less water used by 60.0 %. The weavers are satisfied with the water steaming for 30 minutes. The steamed yarn gives out less dust during weaving than does the un-teamed yarn by 77.03 %, uses less time by 18.77 % , yields longer fabric by 14.81 %. The cost is higher from the steaming is 1.31 bath per meter.